Overview

An abnormal mass of cells growing inside or outside of your brain is called a brain tumour. Central nervous system (CNS) cancers are the collective term for spinal tumours and brain tumours. Brain tumours may be benign or malignant (cancerous) (or noncancerous). While some tumours enlarge swiftly, others do so slowly. Of all brain tumours, only around one-third are malignant. However, whether or not they are cancerous, brain tumours can affect your health and the way your brain functions if they enlarge to the point where they strain on nearby nerves, blood vessels, and tissue.

Primary tumours are tumours that form in the brain. Secondary tumours, also known as metastatic brain tumours, are cancers that develop in another part of your body before spreading to your brain. The main topic of this article is primary brain tumours. Over 150 different types of brain tumours have been identified by researchers.

Glial (made up of glial cells in your brain) or non-glial (formed on or in the structures of your brain, including nerves, blood arteries, and glands) primary tumours are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant by medical professionals (cancerous). Your spinal column or cranium can also develop various brain cancers.

Types

• tumours
• tumours
• tumours

Symptoms

The symptoms and indicators of a brain tumour vary widely and are influenced by the size, location, and development rate of the tumour.Brain tumour-related general signs and symptoms may include:

• A headache’s new onset or pattern change
• headaches that gradually get worse and occur more frequently
• vomiting or nausea without cause
• vision issues, including double vision, blurry vision, or reduced peripheral vision
• gradual loss of feeling or motion in a leg or arm
• Problems with equilibrium
• speech impediments
• exhausted.
• confusion in routine situations

Causes

Primary brain tumours come in many distinct varieties. Each is named for the class of cells that are involved. Examples comprise:

• Gliomas
• Meningiomas
• Acoustic neuromas (schwannomas)
• Pituitary adenomas
• Medulloblastomas
• Germ cell tumours
• Craniopharyngiomas

Secondary (metastatic) brain tumours are tumours that develop when cancer spreads (metastasizes) to the brain from another part of the body. The brain can be affected by any cancer, but typical varieties include:

• Breast cancer
• Colon cancer
• Kidney cancer
• Lung cancer
• Melanoma

Diagnosis

• A neurological exam.
• Imaging tests.
• Collecting and testing a sample of abnormal tissue (biopsy).

Treatment

• Surgery
• Radiation therapy
• Radiosurgery
• Chemotherapy
• Targeted drug therapy
• Rehabilitation after treatment

Risk factors

• Radiation exposure.
• Family history of brain tumours.